Shapie, M.N.M. & Mamat, S.N.F. (1)
1. Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Rekreasi, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor
2. Pertubuhan Seni Gayung Fatani Malaysia
3. Softball UiTM Player
3. Softball UiTM Player
Abstract
The purpose of this
study is to investigate the performance indicator between winning and losing in
Silat Sea Games Singapore 2015. The data were collected from 4 matches which is
Quarterfinals Category Women’s Class C, Quarterfinals Category Men’s Class A,
Semi-finals Category Men’s Class A and lastly is Final Category Men’s Class H. A total of 13 performance indicators were selected as
the variables in this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used
to analyze the data. The result showed Indonesia had won in the four match that
I choose and the motions that Indonesia use in the each match is more higher
than the opponent team. Besides that, the result
showed that every team that chosen in the tournament were preferred to play
more kick ‘tendang’ than the other actions while less number of the actions
that used in this match is dodge.
Keywords: kicking, martial arts, coaching, performance analysis
Introduction
In the higher level of
sporting event, every details of the individual or team performance can be the
decisive factor either their team is winning or losing. Thus, technology that
had been use to analyse either individual or team performance came into the
sport industry in order to push the sporting event.
Silat is a martial art that is practiced
in amateur and in professional levels. Silat is martial arts that come from
Indonesia. It is traditionally practiced in Siuthern Thailand, Singapore,
Vietnam, Brunei, Philiphines and also Malysia [f]. Silat is a combative art of
Malaysia fighting arts. Silat can divides into two catogories which are Silat
Seni and Silat Olahraga. Silat Seni is an artistic [e].
Silat Seni focuses on
choreographed movements and pattern of silat [h] while Silat Olahraga is
matches that have two players. The uniqueness Silat Olahraga is the rule. In
the rule, there are exist of basic commands, time for each match, target area
to attack the opponent, and the scoring point for each of the area that
attacked [g].
Sport analysis
technology is important because it will provide coach’s feedback usually with
video based evidence since people only can remember about 30% of what they
see (Stice, 2009). Knowing the nature of the sport
is important because formal game can be categorise into three which are net and
wall games, invasion games, and striking and fielding games.
Performance indicator
is a type of performance measurement. Performance measurement is the process of
collecting, analysing and reporting information regarding the performance of an
individual, group, organization, system or component.
Materials and Methods
Match
analysis
For the first match, I
took from quarter final category Men’s 50kg which is in Class A is Awaluddin
Nur from Indonesia and Muhammad Ridhwan Selamat from Singapore. For second
match is semi-final between Awaluddin Nur from Indonesia and Alshameir
Ibnohasim from Philipina in Class A Men’s 50kg while for the third match is
during quarterfinals women’s category 60kg Class C is between Nurul Shafiqa
Mohamed Saiful from Singapura and from
Indonesia is Wewey Wita.Lastly. Lastly is category Men’s 85kg Class H in final
between Tri Juanda Samsul Bahar from Indonesia and Muhammad Robial Sobri from
Malaysia.
Motion
categories
In silat, there are different types of
motion such as:
Punch:
The punch ‘tumbuk’ attack is done by a
hand with closed fist hitting the target. In silat, punching is often used to
fight the opponent. It can be a straight punch ‘tumbuk lurus’ or uppercut
‘sauk’ to exponent body’s (Anuar, 1992).
Kick:
The kick ‘tendang’ or ‘terajang’ is an
ataacking movement which is performed with one leg or two legs simultaneously.
A kick can be aimed at any target. It can be front kick ‘tendang depan’, side
kick ‘depak’ or semi-circular side kick ‘ tendang lengkar’(Anuar, 1992).
Block:
The blocking movements begin with the
posture position ‘sikap pasang’: the exponent stands straight with his hands
around his body or close to his chest. Blocking or parrying ‘tangkisan’ can be
done using arms, elbows and legs with the purpose to block off or striking back
at any attck (Anuar, 1992).
Catch:
The catch ‘tangkapan’ is done by using
the hand to obstruct the opponent from carrying out an attack. The silat
exponent is able to prevent himself from being attacked by pointing the attack
which he has caught to another direction. A catch which twists or drags the
opponent is forbidden. Also, a catch which could break the part which is being
held such as the leg and waist is also forbidden. These regulations exit to
protect the silat exponent’s (Anuar, 1992).
Topple:
There are various ways of toppling down
one’s opponent. For example, a silat exponent ‘pesilat’ can either push, shove
the opponent’s back leg from the bad or from the side, shove, hit, kick, strike
or punch to make the opponent lose his balance. Every falls is considered valid
as long as the sila exponent topples his opponent down without wresting or he
is able to overpower the opponent whom he has brought down (Anuar, 1992).
Sweep:
Swiping ‘sapuan’ involves attacking an
opponent’s leg which is on the ground to unstable him and brings down to the
ground. A silat exponent can perform this attacking movement either with his
right or left leg. Hence, front sweep ‘sapuan depan’ is done by swinging the
leg to the front to push an opponent’s leg, while back sweep ‘sapuan belakang’
is carried out by swinging the leg backward to hit the back leg (Anuar, 1992).
Evade/Dodge:
The evade ‘elakan’ technique is carried
out by silat exponent when he tries to evade an attack. This technique does not
require the silat exponent to touch the opponent in fending off the attack.
They are many ways of carrying out his defensive movement such as dodging
‘gelek’, retreat ‘mundur’, evasion to the side ‘elak sisi’, bending ‘elak
serung’, jumping ‘lonjak’ ducking ‘susup’ and etc. (Anuar, 1992).
Self-Release:
Self-release ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique
is a technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent (Anuar, 1993).
Block
and Punch:
The blocking technique is used to block
any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using
the leg to kick the opponent (Shapie, Oliver, O’Donoghue, &
Tong, 2013).
Block
and Kick:
The blocking technique is used to block
any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using
sweeping technique to the opponent (Shapie et al., 2013). Block and Sweep:
The blocking technique is used to block
any hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using
sweeping technique to the opponent (Shapie et al., 2013).
Fake
Punch:
An action which a silat exponent intends
to confuse the opponent using a fake punch to break his opponent’s defensive
posture (Shapie et al., 2013).
Fake
Kick:
An action which a silat exponent intends
to confuse the opponent using a fake kick to break his opponent defensive
posture (Shapie et al., 2013).
All the activities are considered high
intensity except for others which at that time both silat exponents are in low
intensity periods.
Statistical Analysis:
All the raw data
collected from all matches used the system produced by Shapie at all by 2013.
Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21. A descriptive
analysis was used to determine the different of performance between winners or
losers in silat matches.
Results:
Table 1: Total Mean and Standard
Deviation for all four matches
EXPONENT
|
MEAN
|
STANDARD
DEVIATION
|
BLUE
|
4.68
|
6.32
|
RED
|
4.08
|
6.55
|
TEAM INDONESIA (BLUE)
Table
2: Frequency of actions and outcomes recorded during a silat match
BLUE:
ACTION
|
OUTCOME
|
|||
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Hit
Target
|
Miss
Opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
0
|
6.5
|
0
|
6.5
|
Block
and Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.0
|
Block
and Punch
|
0
|
2.5
|
0
|
2.5
|
Block
and Sweep
|
0
|
2.0
|
2.5
|
4.5
|
Kick
|
40.5
|
50
|
4.0
|
94.5
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
6.0
|
1.5
|
7.5
|
Punch
|
9.5
|
21.5
|
6.5
|
37.5
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
6.0
|
8.5
|
14.5
|
Self-Release
|
0.5
|
2.5
|
0
|
3.0
|
Topple
|
0
|
9.5
|
7.5
|
17.0
|
Sweep
|
0.5
|
12.5
|
22.0
|
35.0
|
Catch
|
3.0
|
12
|
2.0
|
17.0
|
Dodge
|
1.5
|
0
|
0
|
1.5
|
Total
|
55.5
|
131.0
|
54.5
|
241.0
|
OPPONENT TEAM (RED)
Table 3: Frequency of actions and
outcomes recorded during a silat match
RED:
ACTION
|
OUTCOME
|
|||
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Hit
Target
|
Miss
Opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
0
|
5.0
|
0
|
5.0
|
Block
and Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
and Punch
|
0.5
|
2.0
|
0
|
2.5
|
Block
and Sweep
|
0
|
2.5
|
2.5
|
5.0
|
Kick
|
42.5
|
41.0
|
16.0
|
99.5
|
Fake
Kick
|
1.5
|
8.0
|
0.5
|
10.0
|
Punch
|
15.5
|
19.0
|
4.0
|
38.5
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
8.0
|
2.0
|
10.0
|
Self-Release
|
0
|
3.5
|
1.0
|
4.5
|
Topple
|
0
|
6.0
|
3.0
|
9.0
|
Sweep
|
0.5
|
2.5
|
18.0
|
21.0
|
Catch
|
1.5
|
5.5
|
0
|
7.0
|
Dodge
|
0
|
1.0
|
0
|
1.0
|
Total
|
62
|
104
|
47
|
213
|
Table 4: Frequency
profile of the 2 contestants
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Blue
|
13.5
|
102.0
|
52.0
|
17.0
|
184.5
|
Red
|
12.5
|
109.5
|
48.5
|
9.0
|
179.5
|
Total
|
26.0
|
211.5
|
100.5
|
26.0
|
364.0
|
Discussion:
According to the result
for this competition, for the first match, between Awaluddin Nur from Indonesia
and Muhammad Ridhwan Selamat from Singapore in category Men’s 50kg Class A in
quarterfinals, Awaluddin Nur from Indonesia won this game 4-1. For the second
match, Awaluddin Nur also won 5-0 in semi-final against the player from
Philiphina which is Alshameir Ibnohasim in Class A Men’s 50kg while for the
third match is during quarterfinals women’s category 60kg Class C is between
Nurul Shafiqa Mohamed Saiful from Singapura and Wewey Wita from Indonesia, and
the winner is from Indonesi which is the score 4-1. Lastly in category Men’s 85kg
Class H in final between Tri Juanda Samsul Bahar from Indonesia and Muhammad
Robial Sobri from Malaysia, Tri Juanda Samsul Bahar won this game 4-1.
For the first match, between
Awaluddin Nur from Indonesia and Muhammad Ridhwan Selamat from Singapore in
category Men’s 50kg Class A in quarterfinals, Awaluddin Nur from Indonesia which
is Blue corner won this game 4-1. This is because the player from Blue corner
is using more kick than the opponent, he also use more sweep and topple to
against his opponent. The player from Blue corner is using more attacking than
player from Red corner. Both teams have well in strength and fitness.
For the second match, Awaluddin
Nur from Blue corner also won 5-0 in semi-final against the player from
Philiphina which is from Red corner is Alshameir Ibnohasim in Class A Men’s
50kg. This is because the player from Blue corner use more sweeps and topples
than the Red corner. But Red corner is more attacking which is the player use
more kicking but the kicking is not accurate. Blue corner player have a really
good agility and reaction time.
For the third match is
during quarterfinals women’s category 60kg Class C is between Red corner
playaer Nurul Shafiqa Mohamed Saiful from Singapura and Blue corner player from
Indonesia is Wewey Wita, and Blue corner player is winning this game 4-1. This
is because player from Blue corner use more kicking and sweep than the opponent
from Red corner. Player from Blue corner is more defending and attacking than
the Red corner player. The player from Red corner have low level of fitness,
have low reaction time, speed and not aggressive like player from Blue corner.
Lastly in category
Men’s 85kg Class H in final between Tri Juanda Samsul Bahar from Indonesia and
Muhammad Robial Sobri from Malaysia, Tri Juanda Samsul Bahar which is from Blue
corner won this game 4-1. This is because player from Blue corner is use more
defending than attacking while Red corner more attack but the attacking is not
accurate. The player from Blue corner have good in fitness level and strength
because when the Red corner try to topple down the Blue corner but the player
from Blue corner not fall down. The player from Blue corner also has well in
reaction time and agility.
Conclusion:
Since the ultimate
indicator for team to success is by kicking and topple the other indicators seem
to be superior creating chance to win the game. Although the result may vary
due to total number of score given, this can be improved to the specific
training especially in kicking and punch to improve the chance of scoring.
Every team is prefer to more attacking than defending, this finding provide
important information for coaches developing their defences mechanism and also
their offense strategies.
There is also a range
of frequency in attacking and defensive activities used by both of the
exponents. The player from Blue corner used more kicks and topples than the
loser which is from Red corner may reflect greater skill or fitness or both but
it is still doubtful that these are the only factors that influence the match.
The recommended for the
coaches is developing conditioning is important elements of training programs
for silat athletes so that the level of strength is increase. The coaches also
must insert the element of related fitness in the training which is health
related fitness and skill related fitness until the players achieve the peak
performance.
References:
JOURNAL
· Anuar AW. Teknik dalam seni silat melayu
[In Malay] (Technique in Silat Melayu). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka;
1992.
·
Anuar, A.
W. (1993). Silat Olahraga (2nd edn.). The art, technique and regulations.
·
Thomas JR, Nelson JK. Research methods
in physical activity. 4th ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2001.
·
Upadhaya,
B., Munir, R., & Blount, Y. (2014). Association between Performance
Measurement Systems and Organisational Effectiveness. International Journal of
Operations & Production Management, 34(7), 2-2.
·
Shapie,
M. M., Oliver, J., O’Donoghue, P., & Tong, R. (2013). Activity profile
during action time in national silat competition. Journal of Combat Sports and
Martial Arts., 1(2),
81-86.
·
Parnabas,
V., Shapie, M. N. M., & Parnabas, J. (2015). Level of Drugs Usage and Sport
Performance in Malay Silat. Ido
Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology, 15(2), 45-51.
·
Shapie,
M. N. M. (2011). Influence of
Age and Maturation on Fitness Development, Trainability And Competitive
Performance In Youth Silat (Doctoral
dissertation, Cardiff Metropolitan University).
2.
INTERNET
g. https://martial-arts-self-defense.knoji.com/silat-olahraga-the-malay-martial-arts-of-selfdefense/
h.
malayfightingarts.blogspot.my/2008/07/silat-olahraga.html?m=1
About author:
This article was submitted by Farisha Mamat, an expert of sport research. Did you find these article useful?
For more question, please email: sitinurfarishamamat@yahoo.com
